Gender equality and equity is considered as a critical element in achieving sustainable development in the country. In Tanzania, there have been various factors impeding gender equity and equality.

These includes but not limited to the outdated customs and traditions, existence of gender discriminatory laws and policies, and poor institutional framework and unequal control over resources.

The situation has led to domination of men over women socially, economically and politically. Participation in decision-making within the household is one indicator of women’s empowerment. Only 35% of women participate in three major household decisions while 18% of women do not participate in any (woman’s own health care, major household purchases, and visits to woman’s family or relatives).

Women who live in urban areas, women who are employed for cash and women with higher education tend to have greater participation in household decisions (Tanzania DHS, 2016).

Experience has revealed that the participation of communities in local governance still lags behind expectations. Although CSOs have started involving communities to hold the government to account on resources governance for example, civic competence of the majority Tanzanians particularly in Rural Areas is still low.

This means that CSOs including PRO needs to continue making effort in raising community awareness of rights and responsibilities toward realizing good local and democratic governance across the Tanzania.

Good governance gains made by CSOs in spearheading accountability and transparency through undertaking Public Expenditure Tracking Studies and Social Accountability Monitoring need to be continued Gender refers to socially constructed and responsibilities of women and men. Gender equity entails fairness to women and men according to their respective needs. There can be no equality where there is no equity.

In a country where gender equity and equality prevails, there are equal rights, responsibilities and opportunities that all people should enjoy regardless their difference in gender and sex. Gender equality lies in the principle that all human beings, both men and women are free to develop their personal; abilities and make choices without limitations set by stereotypes and rigid gender roles.

It does not mean that women and men have to become the same, It does not mean that women and men have to become the same, but that their rights, responsibilities and opportunities will not depend on whether they are born male or female. The existence of gender equity and equality leads to social and institutional change.